Skip to Main Content
The world's most popular open source database
Contact MySQL
|
Login
|
Register
MySQL.com
Downloads
Documentation
Developer Zone
Developer Zone
Downloads
MySQL.com
Documentation
MySQL Server
MySQL Enterprise
Workbench
InnoDB Cluster
MySQL NDB Cluster
Connectors
More
MySQL.com
Downloads
Developer Zone
Section Menu:
Documentation Home
MySQL 9.7 Reference Manual
Preface and Legal Notices
General Information
Installing MySQL
Upgrading MySQL
Downgrading MySQL
Tutorial
MySQL Programs
MySQL Server Administration
The MySQL Server
Configuring the Server
Server Configuration Defaults
Server Configuration Validation
Server Option, System Variable, and Status Variable Reference
Server System Variable Reference
Server Status Variable Reference
Server Command Options
Server System Variables
Using System Variables
System Variable Privileges
Dynamic System Variables
Persisted System Variables
Nonpersistible and Persist-Restricted System Variables
Structured System Variables
Server Status Variables
Server SQL Modes
Connection Management
Connection Interfaces
Administrative Connection Management
DNS Lookups and the Host Cache
IPv6 Support
Verifying System Support for IPv6
Configuring the MySQL Server to Permit IPv6 Connections
Connecting Using the IPv6 Local Host Address
Connecting Using IPv6 Nonlocal Host Addresses
Obtaining an IPv6 Address from a Broker
Network Namespace Support
MySQL Server Time Zone Support
Resource Groups
Server-Side Help Support
Server Tracking of Client Session State
The Server Shutdown Process
The MySQL Data Directory
The mysql System Schema
MySQL Server Logs
Selecting General Query Log and Slow Query Log Output Destinations
The Error Log
Error Log Configuration
Default Error Log Destination Configuration
Error Event Fields
Types of Error Log Filtering
Priority-Based Error Log Filtering (log_filter_internal)
Rule-Based Error Log Filtering (log_filter_dragnet)
Error Logging in JSON Format
Error Logging to the System Log
Error Log Output Format
Error Log File Flushing and Renaming
The General Query Log
The Binary Log
Binary Logging Formats
Setting The Binary Log Format
Mixed Binary Logging Format
Logging Format for Changes to mysql Database Tables
Binary Log Transaction Compression
The Slow Query Log
Server Log Maintenance
MySQL Components
Installing and Uninstalling Components
Obtaining Component Information
Error Log Components
Query Attribute Components
Scheduler Component
Replication Components
Replication Applier Metrics Component
Group Replication Flow Control Statistics Component
Group Replication Resource Manager Component
Group Replication Primary Election Component
Multilingual Engine Component (MLE)
MLE Component Option and Variable Reference
MLE Component Status and Session Information
MLE Component Memory and Thread Usage
MLE Component Stored Program Usage
Legacy Hashing Component
Option Tracker Component
Option Tracker Tables
Option Tracker Supported Components
Option Tracker Supported Applications
Option Tracker Status Variables
Option Tracker System Variables
Option Tracker Functions
MySQL Server Plugins
Installing and Uninstalling Plugins
Obtaining Server Plugin Information
MySQL Enterprise Thread Pool
Thread Pool Elements
Thread Pool Installation
Thread Pool Operation
Thread Pool Tuning
The Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin
Installing or Uninstalling the Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin
Using the Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin
Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin Reference
The ddl_rewriter Plugin
Installing or Uninstalling ddl_rewriter
ddl_rewriter Plugin Options
The Clone Plugin
Installing the Clone Plugin
Cloning Data Locally
Cloning Remote Data
Cloning and Concurrent DDL
Cloning Encrypted Data
Cloning Compressed Data
Cloning for Replication
Directories and Files Created During a Cloning Operation
Remote Cloning Operation Failure Handling
Monitoring Cloning Operations
Stopping a Cloning Operation
Clone System Variable Reference
Clone System Variables
Clone Plugin Limitations
The Keyring Proxy Bridge Plugin
MySQL Plugin Services
The Locking Service
The Keyring Service
MySQL Server Loadable Functions
Installing and Uninstalling Loadable Functions
Obtaining Information About Loadable Functions
Running Multiple MySQL Instances on One Machine
Setting Up Multiple Data Directories
Running Multiple MySQL Instances on Windows
Starting Multiple MySQL Instances at the Windows Command Line
Starting Multiple MySQL Instances as Windows Services
Running Multiple MySQL Instances on Unix
Using Client Programs in a Multiple-Server Environment
Debugging MySQL
Debugging a MySQL Server
Compiling MySQL for Debugging
Creating Trace Files
Using WER with PDB to create a Windows crashdump
Debugging mysqld under gdb
Using a Stack Trace
Using Server Logs to Find Causes of Errors in mysqld
Making a Test Case If You Experience Table Corruption
Debugging a MySQL Client
The LOCK_ORDER Tool
The DBUG Package
Security
Backup and Recovery
Optimization
Language Structure
Character Sets, Collations, Unicode
Data Types
Functions and Operators
SQL Statements
MySQL Data Dictionary
The InnoDB Storage Engine
Alternative Storage Engines
Replication
Group Replication
MySQL Shell
Using MySQL as a Document Store
InnoDB Cluster
InnoDB ReplicaSet
MySQL NDB Cluster 9.7
Partitioning
Stored Objects
INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables
MySQL Performance Schema
MySQL sys Schema